To minimize the cost of a software project, quality management techniques should be applied: 
A、as close to their writing (i.e., point of origination) as possible. 
B、primarily at project start-up to ensure that the project is established in accordance with organizational governance standards. 
C、continuously throughout the project with an emphasis on finding and fixing defects primarily during testing to maximize the defect detection rate. 
D、mainly at project close-down to capture lessons learned that can be applied to future projects.